Endangered
Orangutans Plants
• Bengal Bamboo
o Common Name: Spineless Indian Bamboo, Calcutta Cane
o Genus: Bambusa
o Species: Tulda
The Bambusa tulda can be found in Southeast Asian rainforests. It grows as undergrowth or in small patches on the forest floor.
o Reduces soil erosion, provides shelter for animals
• Durian
o Common Name: Civet Fruit, Stinkvrucht
o Genus: Durio
o Species: Zibethinus
Durian is thought to be one of the most ancient trees in Southeast Asia. It grows in lowland forests and it is native to Indonesia, Malaysia, and Borneo. It bears fruit and relies on animals to spread its seed
• Jambu
o Common Name: Jambu Ayer, Djamboe Aer, Watery Rose Apple
o Genus: Syzyguim
o Species: Aqueum
Jambu is a small tree or shrub that is native to southern India and eastern Malaysia. Monkeys, Gibbons, and the Jambu Fruit Dove eat the Jambu’s fruit.
• Kapok Tree
o Common Name: Kapok, Ceiba, Silk-cotton tree
o Genus: Ceiba
o Species: Pentandra
It is native to South America but has spread to the rainforests of West Africa.
Animals
-Bengal Tiger
Bengal tigers eat boars, wild oxen, and monkeys. They like to catch and kill either old or young animals because they can run less quickly. They are nocturnal.
Eats Boars, wild ox, monkeys, etc.
-Jambu Fruit Dove
It eats:
They eat fruit directly from the trees, or that which has been dropped to the ground by monkeys and hornbills-King Cobra
It eats:The King Cobra is a carnivore that eats mainly other snakes, but will eat lizards, some frogs, and sometimes small mammals.
-Red-shanked Douc Langur
It eats:
The diet of the red-shanked douc langur consists mostly of leaves high in fibers. They have large stomachs which are divided into sacs containing bacteria that break down the cellulose in leaves, which give them their pot-bellied look. This also makes them burp a lot from the resulting gas. They prefer to eat small, young and tender leaves, but will also eat fruit like figs, buds, flowers and bamboo shoots. They get all the liquid they need from the food they eat
-Slender Loris
It eats:
The slender loris is for the most part insectivorous. This means they eat insects, but they will also eat slugs, young leaves, flowers, shoots, and occasionally eggs and nestlings
-Wagler's Pit Viper
It eats: The Wagler's pit viper is a carnivore. That means that they eat other animals. They hunt at night. The adult feeds on lizards, birds, and rodents. Snakes in the tropics don't need to use food energy to keep themselves warm. Snakes can also get all the energy they need with just 3 meals a month. Abiotic · The hottest part of the day in the rainforest is in the afternoon · 100 feet above the forest floor, intense sunlight shines for many hours every day on top of the canopy./ Most of the light is trapped by this dense layer of vegetation-less than 2% of it ever reaches the ground. The canopy is hot, with daytime temperatures averaging 90 degrees. Although the air is still damp, humidity among the highest branches rarely reaches above 60%. · The average temperature in the coldest months of the year is 18 degrees C · The daily temperature range is 10-25 degrees C · High humidity and lots of rain · 250 centimeters a year, and humidity of 77%-80% · Landforms of Borneo: Kapouas Mountains, Barito river, Kayan River, Kapuas river
THREATS OF ORANGUTANS: v Forest fires to clear the forest are becoming routine. v Due to the fires thousands of Orangutans are being burned to death. v They are critically endangered. v They are sometimes sold as pets. v Some lowlands in Sumatra have been cleared for rubber, oil palm, and pulp plantations. v Some areas of Borneo and Sumatra, Orangutans are hunted for food. v Population of the Orangutans is 7,500-55,000 depending on the species. 100 years ago there were approximately 230,000 orangutans in Borneo.
Importance · Importance of the Rainforests o We rely on the rainforests for oxygen o Rainforests provide shelter for many animals o The trees clean the air of greenhouse gases · Importance of the Orangutans o Orangutans play important parts in forests by dispersing various plant species o Orangutans help control outbreaks of caterpillars in the forest o Orangutans are a keystone species, a species whose existence in the ecosystem greatly effects the health of other species. If Orangutans disappear, many other species in the ecosystem are negatively impacted. o They help disperse seeds helping plants disperse
Conservation Plan Due to forest fires, poaching for pets and food, trees being cut down for palm oil and rubber the orangutan’s habitat is disappearing. There are many palm oil and rubber factories in Borneo and Sumatran. If we close some of these and provide jobs for the workers at the other factories, that might cut down on the amount of trees cut down. If the factories that exist took better care of the fires they set to clear forest, more orangutans would be safe. There are also small ways that you can help protect the orangutans by yourself. You can cut down on the products you use with that contain palm oil or rubber made in the factories in Borneo and Sumatran. Another way to help orangutans is to visit the World Wildlife Foundation online and see what else you can do to help these great apes!!
Endangered
Orangutans
Plants
• Bengal Bamboo
o Common Name: Spineless Indian Bamboo, Calcutta Cane
o Genus: Bambusa
o Species: Tulda
The Bambusa tulda can be found in Southeast Asian rainforests. It grows as undergrowth or in small patches on the forest floor.
o Reduces soil erosion, provides shelter for animals
• Durian
o Common Name: Civet Fruit, Stinkvrucht
o Genus: Durio
o Species: Zibethinus
Durian is thought to be one of the most ancient trees in Southeast Asia. It grows in lowland forests and it is native to Indonesia, Malaysia, and Borneo. It bears fruit and relies on animals to spread its seed
• Jambu
o Common Name: Jambu Ayer, Djamboe Aer, Watery Rose Apple
o Genus: Syzyguim
o Species: Aqueum
Jambu is a small tree or shrub that is native to southern India and eastern Malaysia. Monkeys, Gibbons, and the Jambu Fruit Dove eat the Jambu’s fruit.
• Kapok Tree
o Common Name: Kapok, Ceiba, Silk-cotton tree
o Genus: Ceiba
o Species: Pentandra
It is native to South America but has spread to the rainforests of West Africa.
Animals
-Bengal Tiger
Bengal tigers eat boars, wild oxen, and monkeys. They like to catch and kill either old or young animals because they can run less quickly. They are nocturnal.
Eats Boars, wild ox, monkeys, etc.
-Jambu Fruit Dove
It eats:
They eat fruit directly from the trees, or that which has been dropped to the ground by monkeys and hornbills-King Cobra
It eats:The King Cobra is a carnivore that eats mainly other snakes, but will eat lizards, some frogs, and sometimes small mammals.
-Red-shanked Douc Langur
It eats:
The diet of the red-shanked douc langur consists mostly of leaves high in fibers. They have large stomachs which are divided into sacs containing bacteria that break down the cellulose in leaves, which give them their pot-bellied look. This also makes them burp a lot from the resulting gas. They prefer to eat small, young and tender leaves, but will also eat fruit like figs, buds, flowers and bamboo shoots. They get all the liquid they need from the food they eat
-Slender Loris
It eats:
The slender loris is for the most part insectivorous. This means they eat insects, but they will also eat slugs, young leaves, flowers, shoots, and occasionally eggs and nestlings
-Wagler's Pit Viper
It eats: The Wagler's pit viper is a carnivore. That means that they eat other animals. They hunt at night. The adult feeds on lizards, birds, and rodents. Snakes in the tropics don't need to use food energy to keep themselves warm. Snakes can also get all the energy they need with just 3 meals a month.
· The hottest part of the day in the rainforest is in the afternoon
· 100 feet above the forest floor, intense sunlight shines for many hours every day on top of the canopy./ Most of the light is trapped by this dense layer of vegetation-less than 2% of it ever reaches the ground. The canopy is hot, with daytime temperatures averaging 90 degrees. Although the air is still damp, humidity among the highest branches rarely reaches above 60%.
· The average temperature in the coldest months of the year is 18 degrees C
· The daily temperature range is 10-25 degrees C
· High humidity and lots of rain
· 250 centimeters a year, and humidity of 77%-80%
· Landforms of Borneo: Kapouas Mountains, Barito river, Kayan River, Kapuas river
THREATS OF ORANGUTANS:
v Forest fires to clear the forest are becoming routine.
v Due to the fires thousands of Orangutans are being burned to death.
v They are critically endangered.
v They are sometimes sold as pets.
v Some lowlands in Sumatra have been cleared for rubber, oil palm, and pulp plantations.
v Some areas of Borneo and Sumatra, Orangutans are hunted for food.
v Population of the Orangutans is 7,500-55,000 depending on the species. 100 years ago there were approximately 230,000 orangutans in Borneo.
Importance
· Importance of the Rainforests
o We rely on the rainforests for oxygen
o Rainforests provide shelter for many animals
o The trees clean the air of greenhouse gases
· Importance of the Orangutans
o Orangutans play important parts in forests by dispersing various plant species
o Orangutans help control outbreaks of caterpillars in the forest
o Orangutans are a keystone species, a species whose existence in the ecosystem greatly effects the health of other species. If Orangutans disappear, many other species in the ecosystem are negatively impacted.
o They help disperse seeds helping plants disperse
Conservation Plan
Due to forest fires, poaching for pets and food, trees being cut down for palm oil and rubber the orangutan’s habitat is disappearing. There are many palm oil and rubber factories in Borneo and Sumatran. If we close some of these and provide jobs for the workers at the other factories, that might cut down on the amount of trees cut down. If the factories that exist took better care of the fires they set to clear forest, more orangutans would be safe. There are also small ways that you can help protect the orangutans by yourself. You can cut down on the products you use with that contain palm oil or rubber made in the factories in Borneo and Sumatran. Another way to help orangutans is to visit the World Wildlife Foundation online and see what else you can do to help these great apes!!
Attributions
'Bruno the hybrid Bengal tiger'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/38323841@N00/2597895583
Original image: 'The Cat Has Been Caught'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/28207415@N07/3602409480
‘I'm comin' to get yah...'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/26405526@N00/2262602413
by: Thomas Lieser
'Pink Necked Fruit Dove'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/37835538@N00/3675146218
by: Russ Glasson
King Cobra'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/49503074211@N01/187827133
by: Justin Baeder
'cebuella pygmaea'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/74743437@N00/1968953506
by: Joachim S. Müller
'Baby Javan Langur Monkey'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/37357497@N05/3586227901
by: Tom Bream
Original image: 'Slender Loris (tardigradus malabaricus)'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/28567825@N03/3588053740
by: Cliff
Original image: 'rino'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/65308917@N00/2487733375
Original image: 'Emi, world famous Sumatran Rhino, introduces her unprecedented third calf, 19 day old "Harapan", a male.'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/7294038@N04/511120633
by: W. A. B.
Original image: 'Yellow-Blotched Palm-Pitviper'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/11304433@N00/414079044
by: Tad ArensmeierOriginal image: 'Bornean Orang Utan'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/14113765@N00/365151835
by: Tim Ellis
Original image: 'IMG_2102'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/91782666@N00/4530749135
by: Erica Peterson
Plants
Photo Credit: © Hans Erken
Cusack, Chris, Margaret & Victor; Stewart, Deirdre. "Bamboo World - Species Reference List". http://www.bambooworld.com/au/ pages/SpeciesRef.html. (Nov. 5, 2001).
Original image: 'Durians'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/11371996@N00/167594512
by: yanty ghani
Original image: 'Jambu Air'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/56296827@N00/2482762085
by: C.K. Koay
Original image: 'DSC_0947'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/92702856@N00/3180157623
by: Yacine
Original image: 'Strangler Figs'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/7292222@N07/3081010651
by: Sang Trinh
Original image: 'Morning fog at Tualang'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/58665476@N00/4380854459
by: Ahmad Nizam Awang
Original image: 'Bamboo Forest /Project UP'
http://www.flickr.com/photos/31743655@N05/3949907601
by: Evgueni Tchijevski